![]() ![]() PVC also experienced a significant reduction in plasticizer compounds following exposure, which resulted in embrittlement and an increase in the glass-to-rubber transition temperature. Compositional analysis showed high fuel retention in Nylon 12 and PVC. Here, the sole exception was the PVC material, which was structurally degraded from exposure to either fuel type. In general, the plastic materials showed good compatibility with the iBu16 and E10 test fuels. Many of the plastics also showed sensitivity to alcohol type, as the E10 test fuel often imparted appreciably higher swell than iBu16. For the plastic materials, the observed swell was low Nylon 11 swelled around 15%, but otherwise, their measured swell was <10%. HNBR, neoprene, and silicone exhibited high swelling and softening, which likely precludes their use in many fuel systems. ![]() The fluorocarbons and fluorosilicone swelled the least (~20%), while more moderate (20-45%) expansion occurred for the two NBR hose grades and (ECO). Dynamic more ยป mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements were also performed on the dried specimens.For the elastomer materials the measured properties were similar for both fuels. For each polymer material, the volume, mass, and hardness were measured before and after drying. Plastic materials included four nylon grades, three polyamides, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyoxymethylene (POM), flexible polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyetherimide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and a phenol formaldehyde reinforced with glass fiber (GFPF). Elastomers included two fluorocarbons, four acrylonitrile butadiene rubbers (NBRs), and one type of fluorosilicone, neoprene, and epichlorohydrin/ethylene oxide. The compatibilities of fuel system elastomers and plastics were evaluated for test fuels containing 16 vol.% isobutanol (iBu16) and 10 vol.% ethanol (E10). (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States) Sponsoring Org.: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) OSTI Identifier: 1812268 Grant/Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725 Resource Type: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript Journal Name: Reactive and Functional Polymers Additional Journal Information: Journal Volume: 162 Journal ID: ISSN 1381-5148 Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States Language: English Subject: 36 MATERIALS = , Publication Date: Research Org.: Oak Ridge National Lab. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States) ![]() (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States) Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States) Univ. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States) Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States) Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States) Univ.Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States).Further, this article covers the current research efforts in improving the properties of high performance polymers and expanding their applications (including 3D printing or additive manufacturing) in the oil and gas industry. These include polysulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, fluoropolymers, and other high performance thermosets, elastomers, and polymer nanocomposites. This review article aims to provide an overview of the properties, applications, and durability against reactivity and degradation of high performance polymers commonly used in the oil and gas industry. It is therefore imperative to understand the advantages and limitations of these polymer materials before they can be effectively used for a specific application. advanced and high performance polymeric materials) in most of their structural components, coatings, equipment parts, and the like. In particular, the oil and gas industry has transitioned from using metals to non-metals (e.g. Proper material selection has been one of the most important aspects in the design of chemical process equipment. ![]()
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